biringa – to make a scar 

biringa – to make a scar
Deliberately placed scar markings onto skin were made when one goes through ceremony around the transition of child to adult. A form of acknowledgement or rites of passage such as social status, familial group, tribe, ancestry, spirituality, and geography. Cicatrices, placed on both male & female were and still are in some remote regions important cultural rituals & can identify person’s place in the community.